미국대표부
미소공동위원회
1948년 7월 14일 하지 장군을 위한 비망록 (문서번호 484)
제목: 유엔임시위원단 활동 일일보고
8. 세계는 공산주의가 될 것이다. (폴-봉쿠)
7월 13일 폴-봉쿠와의 대화에서, 7월 12일 토론 얘기가 다시 나왔다. 7월 12일 폴-봉쿠는 전쟁은 없을 것이라는 견해를 나타냈다.1 7월 13일 그는 "당신이 전쟁은 없을 것이라고 말했는데, 그렇다면 우리 세대에서는 세상에 어떤 일이 벌어지겠냐"는 질문을 받았다.
그는 공산주의가 세계를 장악함에 있어 계속 성공을 거두게 될 것이라고 답했다. 그는 "미국은 공산주의가 될 것"이라고 말했다. "다음 대통령 선거에서 헨리 월래스(Henry Wallace)가 대통령이 될 것이다. 결국 존 에드거 후버(J. Edgar Hoover)는 FBI를 소련 정보기관인 내무인민위원회(NKVD)로 만들 수 있는 사람에 의해 교체되는 것을 당신은 보게 될 것이다. 곧 당신은 당신의 국무장관이 공산주의자가 되고 계속 그렇게 진행되는 걸 보게 될 것이다."
폴-봉쿠는 진지함을 감추길 원하는 그런 견해를 표현할 때 나오는 습관대로 웃으면서 이런 말을 했다. 그러나 그는 마네가 다음과 같은 견해로 이의를 제기하자 심각해졌다. "나는 당신이 틀렸다고 생각한다. 미국은 전쟁이 없다면 결코 공산주의가 되지 않을 것이다. 그들은 앞장서 싸울 것이다. 결국 미국이 공산주의의 희생양은 되겠지만, 그들은 결코 침략 경로를 밟지는 않을 것이라는 전쟁이 만들어낼 그 조건은 역설적일 수 있다."
폴-봉쿠는 전쟁은 공산주의 확산 완성하는 가장 확실한 방법이라고 말했다. "전
1) 앞선 13일 자 문서(유엔한국임시위원단 활동 일일보고)에는 해당 발언이 11일 토론에서 나온 것으로 기록돼 있음.
쟁이 없다면, 공산주의의 확산은 느려지겠지만 그러나 분명히 있을 것이다. 전쟁이 나면 그것은 확실하고 훨씬 빨라진다."
"나는 공산주의를 좋아하지 않는다"라고 폴-봉쿠는 말했다. "그러나 나는 미국시스템의 자본주의도 좋아하지 않는다. 이 둘은 때론 만나겠지만, 세계인이 공산주의에 반대하는 것보다 자본주의에 반대하는 쪽으로 더 많이 돌아설 것이기 때문에, 자본주의적인 것보다 훨씬 더 사회주의적인 시스템으로 진화할 것이다."
(논평: 미국과 세계에서의 사회주의의 발전에 대한 이 견해는 패터슨(Patterson)이 얘기한 것과 일치하고, 씽(Singh)의 생각과도 아주 유사하다.)
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of the certainty that very soon in the future they would be confronted with the creation of a National Government, and that since this was definitely foreseeable, they should ask their governments for instructions now if they were interested in preventing delay.
Binnerts said he was sure no doubt remained in the minds of any delegates that they would have to face this issue. (Notes on the 79th Plenary Session show that Binnerts made an announcement at the beginning of the session that U.S. authorities expected the creation of a Government might be announced by the last week in July.) Binnerts was equally sure that all delegates already must have received instructions to govern their attitudes on this matter.
In reply to the question as to what developments would occur in UNTCOK when they received notice of the establishment of a National Government, Binnerts said that it certainly would bring on a "crisis". But the search for the details of the "crisis" educed the opinion from Binnerts that only
India was likely to leave the Commission temporarily and that
India would rejoin it at Paris. Binnerts felt that Australia and Canada would in all probability remain here in Seoul.
He said that in the event that India withdrew the Commission might find it desirable, in order to prevent any further possibility of a breach, to decide that a subsidiary body consisting of Paul-Boncour (definitely) Valle and Luna (indefinitely)
would remain on hand to consult with the Government while the rest of the Commission withdrew from Seoul preparatory to resuming Plenary Sessions in Paris in September.
8. World to Become Communist. (Paul-Boncour)
On 13 July, in a conversation with Paul-Boncour, a discussion that had occurred on 12 July was resumed. On 12 July, Paul-Boncour had expressed the opinion "there will be no war."
On 13 July he was asked, "If you say there will be no war what then will be the developments in the world situation within our own generation?"
He replied that Communism would continue to achieve success in taking over the world. "The U.S. will become Communist,"
he said. "In your next Presidential election Henry Wallace will become President. Thereafter, you will find that J. Edgar
Hoover will be replaced by a man who can make the FBI an NKVD.
Soon you will find your Secretary of State will be a Communist, and so on."
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Paul-Boncour made these remarks laughingly, as is his custom when he is expressing an opinion about which he wishes to conceal the depth of his seriousness. However, he was seriousn[illegible]s enough that Manet challenged him with the opinion, "I think you are wrong; America will never become
Communist without a war. They will fight first. It may be ironical that the conditions that the war will create will be such that in the end America will fall victim to Communism but they will never take the infiltration route."
Paul-Boncour said that a war was the surest way to complete the expansion of Communism. "Without a war, Communism's spread will be slow but certain. With a war it would be equally as certain and much quicker."
"I don't like Communism," said Paul-Boncour, "but I also don't like the American system of capitalism. The two will at some time meet, and a system will evolve from them which will be much more socialistic than it is capitalistic because the people of the world are turned more against capitalism than they are against Communism."
(Comment: This viewpoint about the development of socialism in the U.S. and the world is identical with the opinion that Patterson has expressed, and very similar to the one Singh holds.)
9. Paul-Boncour Wild Over Rhee.
Paul-Boncour continues to be upset by the announcement of Rhee's "fight Russia" statement before the NARRKI. (See paragraph 4 of Daily Report of 12 July).
The more he thinks about it, the more upset Paul-Boncour becomes. He said, "If you (the U.S.) do not have RHEE retract this statement, I, myself, will throw him out. He is a dangerous man. You should get rid of him. If you don't get rid of him, I will do it on my own."
After Paul-Boncour cooled down a bit, he was asked what specific action he intended to take. He replied that his first act as Chairman, if by that time the U.S. had not made
Rhee retract his statement, would be to ask for an authentic translation of what Rhee said. "This is your opportunity,"
pointed out Paul-Boncour. "You must have Rhee write an authentic statement which will be in a form that retracts what the press has reported that he said."
Paul-Boncour continued with his usual remark about how
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출처:
제주4·3평화재단 편,
『추가진상조사자료집-미국자료4』,
p. 154–155.
— NARA (RG 554, Entry 1399, Box 297)
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