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C-2 PERIODIC REPORT From: 211800/I June 46 To : 231800/I June 46 Headquarters USAFIK Seoul, Korea 1000/I 24 June 1946 No. 261 MAPS: KOREA, 1/250,000 Eastern ASIA, 1/1,000,000 DECLASSIFIED Authority NND 687656 By [illegible] date [illegible] 1. OPERATIONAL INTELLIGENCE. None. 2. NON-OPERATIONAL INTELLIGENCE. a. Surrendered and Disarmed - 179,277. b. Evacuated to JAPAN for Demobilization - 179,277. c. Held as Military War Criminals - None. d. Estimated Remaining Enemy Troops - None. e. Progress of Repatriation Reported This Period To Date Japanese Civilians Arriving from N of 38° (N KOREA and MANCHURIA) 13 170,121 Japanese Civilians Evacuated to JAPAN 363 596,493 Other Nationals Evacuated CHINESE 0 1,213 OKINAWANS 0 253 FORMOSANS 0 75 Koreans Arriving from JAPAN 803 886,684 N of 38° 1,006 675,021 CHINA 0 56,354 PACIFIC Ocean Areas 0 12,677 FORMOSA 0 3,268 HAWAII 0 2,531 RYUKYUS 0 1,586 SIAM 0 1,332 PHILIPPINE Islands 0 1,291 North INDO CHINA 0 1,110 BORNEO 0 1,046 SINGAPORE 0 505 HONG KONG 0 218 AUSTRALIA 0 155 Aboard Uncontrolled Shipping from JAPAN 0 185,156 TOTAL Koreans Returned to the US Zone of Occupation 1,609 1,828,984 3. COUNTERINTELLIGENCE. a. Sabotage - None reported. b. Espionage - None reported. c. Terrorism - None reported. d. Secret Organizations - An intercepted letter from KUMNAM DONG (1130-1440) to the Chief of Police of CHINJU (1100-1350) discloses a private organization of twenty so-called policemen. In an undated DECLASSIFIED Authority NND 745070 CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL letter, intercepted 21 June, CHAWNG, Tchoon Hern exposes SIN, Chae Oo of KUMNAM HYUN as the head of this group, who go from village to village harassing the citizens and are armed with swords and guns made from wood. On one occassion SIN, Chae Oo and his men collected some rice under the pretense of giving it to the needy families. CHAWNG claims that SIN took the rice for his personal use. e. Mail Interceptions - Smuggling - An intercepted letter of KIM, Hak Lyong's from WOKPO (930-1300), written on 15 June to KIM, Chawl San in SEOUL, reveals his plans to sail a ship to N. KOREA loaded with provisions. The smuggler states, "I will go to N. KOREA by train, via SEOUL, when the preparations are finished". f. Telecommunications - No violations reported during the period. 4. CIVIL RELATIONS. a. Disturbances - No civil disturbances reported during the period. b. Political Parties and Other Organizations. (1) In one of ten identical circulars sent out to subordinate units of the National Society for the Rapid Realization of Korean Independence, the KYONGSANG NAMDO Branch of this Society urges an active policy for mustering public opinion against the Communist Party for their implication in the counterfeiting scandal. Dated 28 May and intercepted by U.S. authorities on 21 June, the circular points out that two members of the Communist Party, LEE, Kwan Sool and KWAN, Oh Chik, who were directly connected with the counterfeiting, are still at large. The Society maintains that, although general public opinion holds PAK, Heun Yeung, leader of the Communist Party, directly responsible, the authorities seem indifferent towards the matter. "Therefore", the circular reads, "we urge mass meetings to be held by each branch organization for the purpose of gathering unbiased opinions of citizens and organizations in regard to what action should properly be taken. These opinions should be submitted to the U.S. Military Governor, the Chief of Police Affairs, and the Chief Procurator-General". Unquestionably, the National Society for the Rapid Realization of Korean Independence sees the counterfeiting scandal as the "Achilles heel" of the Communist Party and is working relentlessly to drive the shaft home through this exposed weakness. (2) The HAN SUNG ILBO (SEOUL Daily) for 17 June outlines the political platform of the Social Democratic Party headed by LYUH, Woon Hong. As promulgated by the Preparatory Committee, there are three principles: complete independence of KOREA (the only point of unanimity between the two political factions in S. KOREA); equality of national livelihood by the establishment of a systematic economy (the main tenet of Socialism); promotion of world culture by raising the level of Korean national culture. With reference to membership requirements, one important statement reads, "Membership in two political parties will not be permitted". This is significant since dual membership is one of the reasons why the younger LYUH broke with his brother's People's Party. Certain influential members of the People's Party are members of the Communist Party as well. Speaking of membership requirements again, another important point is that recommendation should be given only on the responsibility of the person making the recommendation. (3) During the period of 7-14 June, the Department of Public Information, Military Government, conducted a survey to determine the attitude of the educated class within SEOUL relative to Trusteeship. Of the 5,001 persons questioned by the Opinion Sampling Section, 991 were students of Rightist schools; 477, students of Leftist schools; 800 were teachers; 1,634 employees of Military Government; and 1,099, other literate people selected at random in downtown SEOUL. DECLASSIFIED Authority NND 745070 - 2 - CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL In the discussion to follow, it should be kept in mind that the results obtained are not truly representative of all S. KOREA, since SEOUL is more Rightist than the remainder of S. KOREA. Then, too, Rightists have been those who have most loudly denounced any form of Trusteeship. On the basis of the data obtained from the survey, the following significant conclusions can be reached: An overwhelming majority (90%) of the educated persons in SEOUL are against Trusteeship. For a Trusteeship under certain conditions, the percentage of people expressing opposition dropped (69%), but it is still great. By cloaking Trusteeship in a well defined statement and calling it "Guardianship", embodying all the principles of liberty and where an all-Korean administration would enjoy a maximum of freedom, only 48% were definitely opposed, with 37% for it and 15% having no opinion. c. Korean Press. (1) For the purpose of showing matters of current public interest in KOREA, translations have been made of the headlines of the leading articles of all major newspapers in SEOUL and of the text of the articles considered to be of particular interest. See Incl #1. (2) Digests of the 23-24 June editions of the leading SEOUL newspapers have been made by the Public Relations Office, this Headquarters. The "Korean Press Summaries" are attached hereto. 5. SUMMARY OF INTELLIGENCE IN ADJACENT AREAS. The exchange of mail between American and Russian Zone of Occupation showed the total volume received from the Russians to be practically the same as the preceding week (Ref. G-2 Periodic Report #255, dated 17 June). No new censorship stamps were found, and 100% examination continued to be evidenced. All mail examined was of an innocuous nature and, with the exception of fifteen pieces, were all of a personal character. The continued absence of letters containing derogatory remarks about the administration in N. KOREA was noted. The letters examined show no evidence in the way of seals having been opened by the Russian censors. This leads to the presumption that the mail may be passed to the censors unsealed, as was the case in the German postoffices during the later stages of the War. With reference to the mail dispatched to N. KOREA, the volume has dropped to 11,071 pieces this week in contrast to the steady weekly volume from 15,000 to 20,000 pieces which were dispatched previously. 6. MISCELLANEOUS. a. Five men and a woman were apprehended by 7th Division troops at TONGDUCHON-NI (1000-1680) for possessing weapons and were turned over to the CIC for investigation on 22 June. Interrogation thus far shows that the men were coming South to assassinate PAK, Heun Yung, leader of the Communist Party. Also in possession of the six persons were counterfeit plates of Russian occupational currency. b. In TAEGU (1157-1439), the first inoculation of the 260,821 Korean inhabitants against cholera was completed on 15 June. According to the TAEGU Public Health Department (Korean), the administering of the second inoculation started on 21 June. c. In PUSAN, three Korean fisherman set off an explosion on the side of a mountain in the AKASAKI District at 1445 21 June. The explosion is believed to have been caused by dynamite or by an undestroyed aerial mine dropped by U.S. airplanes last year. All three fishermen were blown to bits. The blast rocked PUSAN and destroyed some window panes. Investigation continues. DECLASSIFIED 3 CONFIDENTIAL Authority NND 745070 38 제주4·3사건 추가진상조사자료집 3 CONFIDENTIAL d. Status of the cholera epidemic in S. KOREA, extracted from 6th Div. Report: CITY, TOWN, OR NO. OF NEW CASES ADDITIONAL LOCALITY SINCE LAST REPORT DEATHS SINCE TOTAL TOTAL LAST REPORT CASES DEATHS PUSAN 15 14 269 135 MOKPO (938-1307) 7 4 75 32 CHANGWON (1161-1365) 4 1 8 3 KU[illegible]AE (1187-1362) 3 0 6 1 TALSONG (1150-1430) 1 1 3 3 CHILOOK (1154-1148) 0 2 4 3 POHANG (1233-1461) 1 0 20 12 MASAN (1156-1357) 18 8 19 8 CHEJU Island (951-1151) 10 7 107 47 YONGCHON (1190-1451) 17 13 59 29 TAEGU (1157-1439) 18 40 93 75 CHINJU (1108-1356) * - - 1 0 TONGYONG (1142-1315) * - - 1 0 * New Area AC of S, G-2 1 Incl - Translations of Daily Newspapers. DECLASSIFIED Authority NND 74570 4 CONFIDENTIAL