급송문서 (85) - 남한 선거와 관련해 공포된 명령

THE FOREIGN SERVICE No 85 OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA DEPARTMENT OF STATE APR 2 5 1948 RESTRICTED Office of U. S. Political Adviser Seoul, Korea, Hq., XXIV Corps, APO 235 c/o Postmaster, San Francisco, Calif. April 9, 1948 SUBJECT: Orders Issued by USAFIK and USAMGIK Regarding South Korean Elections LEGAL ANNEX. THE HONORABLE THE SECRETARY OF STATE WASHINGTON VI( 6754 With reference to this Office's despatch No. 62 of March 22, 1948 transmitting regulations implementing the law for the election of representatives of the Korean people, I have the honor to transmit additional instructions issued by the Commanding Generals of the United States Army Forces in Korea and the United States Military Government in Korea regarding election procedures, and copies of executive orders issued by the Civil Administrator, South Korean Interim Government. Executive order No. 19 of March 31st suspends temporarily the provisions of law which provide a penalty for persons failing to register a new residence. The suspension is provided for until after the elections to protect people forced to move during the election period but who can only vote in the districts where they formerly lived. The enclosed USAMGIK order of April 1st addressed to each Chief Civil Affairs Officer throughout South Korea provides for observations by Military Government personnel to check on pre-election activity and registration procedures from the local level up to the provincial level. On election day each CCAO is ordered to provide two observers in each electoral district to separately spot-check voting districts and one observer with each provincial election committee. An accurate provincial log of all observations is to be kept. In a telegram of April 2nd addressed to his major echelon commanders, General John R. Hodge warned of the danger of attempts by Communists and other dissident elements to wreck the elections. He directed them to furnish men and personnel to the Military Governor where needed for observing or assisting in the elections, to familiarize their personnel with the provisions of the Korean election law, and to see that troop units are acquainted with the polling places within their areas. Patrols were ordered to observe general conditions on election day, but polling places were not to be entered into by uniformed Americans except where necessary to restore order. SKIG Executive Order No. 20 of April 5th changed the date of the election to Monday, May 10th and validated registrations of voters which were made on March 30, 1948. Respectfully yours, Joseph E. Jacobs United States Political Adviser --- p424 --- Enclosures: 4 1. General Hodge's Telegram of April 2, 1948 2. USAMGIK Order of April 1, 1948 3. SKIG Executive Order No. 19 (4 copies) 4. SKIG Executive Order No. 20 of April 5, 1948 (4 copies) <첨부문서> 제1호: 남한 선거관련 하지 장군의 전문(1948. 4. 2) RESTRICTED April 2, 1948 To: Commanding General, 6th Division Commanding General, 7th Division Commanding General, Military Government Commanding General, Korea Base Command Personal from Hodge to Major Echelon Commanders. The coming Korean elections will be a critical period in our occupation. Success in this effort to have the Koreans select their representatives in a fair election is essential to the accomplishment of the United States mission. We may expect considerable opposition to the election from Korean communists and from dissident minority politicians and groups who cannot hope to elect candidates. Based upon events to date, we may also expect heavy criticism from the UNTCOK on the conduct of elections. The Military Governor is charged with the execution of U. S. observation of elections. For this purpose he or his representatives are authorized to call directly on any troop unit in the area including civilian personnel therewith, for such assistance as may be needed, including transportation and personnel to act as observers. It is directed that all American personnel be familiarized with the provisions of the Korean election law and election regulations. It is further directed that troop units in each area familiarize themselves with the location of all polling places in their area of responsibility and that in so far as possible all polling places be visited briefly by patrols between now and election day to check physical setup, progress of registration and display of registers. Patrols will operate actively throughout respective areas on election day to observe general conditions but polling places will not be entered by Americans in uniform on that day, unless necessary to restore order. Records will be kept of all polling places checked, and reports made to this Headquarters, attention Assistant Chief of Staff, G-2 of all irregularities noted that might affect --- p425 --- validity of elections. Closest contact will be maintained be­tween provincial and lower level Military Government Civil Affairs Officers and units and the tactical units. HODGE