주한미육군사령부 정보참모부 주간요약보고

S-E-C-R-E-T From:091800/I Feb To :161800/I Feb G-2 Weekly Summary Headquarters, USAFIK Seoul, Korea 1000/I, 20 February 1947 No. 75 Maps: KOREA, 1/250,000 Eastern ASIA, 1/1,000,000 1. OPERATIONAL INTELLIGENCE a. Surrendered and Disarmed -- No Change: 179,278 b. Progress of Repatriation -- This Period To Date Japanese Civilians Arriving from N of 38° (N°KOREA, CHINA, and MANCHURIA) 3 287,998 Japanese Evacuated to JAPAN 0 881,233 Other Nationals Evacuated CHINESE 0 1,521 FYUKYUANS 0 274 FORMOSANS 0 91 Koreans Arriving from JAPAN 0 1,103,551* North KOREA 1 390,256 MANCHURIA by Land 52 297,656 MANCHURIA by Water 0 3,120 CHINA by Water 0 58,133 PACIFIC Ocean Areas 0 13,986 CHINA by Land 0 13,458 SEA Areas 0 6,954 FORMOSA 0 3,449 AUSTRALIAN Areas 0 3,051 HAWAII 0 2,646 RYUKYUS 0 1,755 PHILIPPINES 0 1,406 HONG KONG 0 302 North INDO CHINA 0 118 TOTAL Koreans Returning 53 1,899,841 TOTAL Repatriates Moved Since Aug 45 2,782,888* c. Estimated Remaining Japanese Civilians in S KOREA 49** d. Koreans Returned to KOREA Attempted Illegal Entry to JAPAN 15,954 e. Illegal Passengers Apprehended in Korean Waters 416 **USAMGIK census report as of 27 Jan 47. * Reduced by 2 to confirm with PUSAN's delayed report in regard to number incoming aboard KORNI MARU 8 Feb 47. DECLASSIFIED Authority NND 74507 SECRET XXIV CORPS G2 WS 75 3. COUNTERINTELLIGENCE a. Sabotage - Sixth Division reported the following: (1) On 03 February 47 the CHONJU to KUNSAN telephone line was cut and a portion of the wire removed. (2) On 04 February 47 the PUAN to KACFI police telephone line was cut. (3) On 05 February 47 the CHONJU to NAMWON Military Government telephone line was cut and a portion of the line removed. (4) On 05 February 47 the police telephone lines near KUMJE were cut in three places. b. Espionage - None reported. c. Secret Organizations - None reported. d. Mail Interceptions: Rice collection program attracts criticism in the mail. Again in this period several letters were intercepted that attacked the methods being used to further the final phase of the year's rice collection program. The following is a composite of five similiar letters dealing with the subject - "My district has fallen into great confusion because of the grain collection. The total quantity of rice that we produced this year was 70 kamani (1 kamani equals 19.04 gals). The quantity we are supposed to give to the rice collection program is 73 kamani. The rice collection is being executed very strictly. They are now mobilizing even the American soldiers. In every village about 40 or 50 soldiers come to help in the collection, and if a farmer does not complete his assigned quantity they arrest the farmer and take him away. The quantity of rice we offer should be accepted. However, we are simply waiting the punishment, because there is no rice for us to pay with. In our village many farmers have fled to other villages, fearing the coming of the American soldiers". Three of those letters again commented on the shooting of farmers during the collection. This was also the subject of three letters during the previous period (see W/S # 74). One letter states, "The US Army has shot and killed four or five Korean farmers." The other two, although only stating that one farmer was killed (apparently different incidents) comment on the reaction in their districts to the event -"....Many farmers are afraid of the American army because of this action and have hidden themselves." 1. COMMENT. - Military Government, in an attempt to bring this program to a successful close, has been forced to utilize the police and, in some cases, tactical troops. However, tactical troops have been used primarily for the morale effect of their presence. In addition, as a coercive measure, farmers who failed to turn in their quota have been fined and sentenced for this failure in flagrant cases only. Every attempt is made to keep the fine within the capabilities of the farmer, and upon the submittal of his quota by his family he is released and his sentence to imprisonment suspended. In a further attempt to alleviate any hardship due to the program, Military Government has sent out inspection teams to correct such improper assessments as are mentioned here. There have actually been three incidents in which Koreans have been shot during the rice collection. In one, a farmer who attacked an MG Officer with a stick was shot and killed, in a second, a farmer, attempting to escape was killed by a ricochet and in the third a woman in an adjacent village was hit in the knee by a spent bullet fired into the air. DECLASSIFIED Authority NNP 74509 2 SECRET [illegible] [illegible] 56 15 t. 2 WD 75 Expectation of demonstrations and rioting on 1 March There have been several indications that both Right and Left wing elements will demonstrate on 1 March. This day is the anniversary of the abortive revolution against the Japanese occupation in 1919, which was suppressed with heavy casualties (7,509 killed, 15,961 wounded, 46,948 imprisoned -HAN SUNG ILBO -HW issue of 1 March 1946). Further indications were contained in five intercepted letters during the period. These, however, are police reports which have a pronounced tendency to exaggerate local rumors. One such police report states, "...according to recent information, the leftists in ULCHIN-KUN are planning to attack all the government offices and assassinate the chief members of the right wing and the chief officials on the first of March. They are manufacturing iron spears and iron clubs at the forges set in the mountains." A second, "...about twenty radicals are planning to start a second series of riots in YONBAEK-KUN about 1 March. (For other indications see par 4o). e. Telecommunications (1) Telegraph - No changes (2) Telephone - Lines to points north of the 38th parallel remain inoperative during the period. 4. CIVIL RELATIONS a. The Press The items of primary interest to the Korean Press during the period were the departure of Lieutenant General HODGE for America, the visit of American newspapermen to SEOUL (see par 4b), the reported confiscation of a letter purported to have originated in North KOREA and to have directed the present school strikes, and the school strikes themselves. 1. General HODGE's trip to America In General HODGE's trip to America all papers were interested. There was much speculation as to the underlying purpose of the trip, and what would be the eventual results for KOREA. The MINJU ILBO (Democratic Daily News -RW), in an editorial on this subject, states, "....it is said that he was recalled by the War Department and also that he did not expect the call. It is said that the recall is connected with the attack against his attitude toward the anti-trusteeship movement from the Korean Rightists at home and abroad. At any rate, in view of the fact that the international situation has become extremely delicate, especially the Korean problem, and especially since Secretary of State MARSHALL needs to hear of the true state of KOREA before he goes to MOSCOW, we expect much from his visit to WASHINGTON. ...We hope that General HODGE will report all the necessary things for the salvation of KOREA." The CHOSU ILBO (Korean Daily News -HW) also sees the approach of the conference in MOSCOW as the reason for the summons. "Even if the State Department had not intended to call General HODGE, he would have gone by himself since he has the responsibility for the Korean problems and must report on the actual conditions here so that the problems may be solved smoothly." The paper then discusses the economic situation in KOREA and states, "....we can easily guess that part of General HODGE's purpose in returning is concerned with this problem." Other comment on the subject was much the same, it being felt that the move was bound to result in benefit for KOREA. 2. The Visit of American Newspaper Editors to KOREA The visit of American newspaper editors to KOREA was greeted with enthusiasm by the Korean Press. It was felt that this would provide a marvelous opportunity to bring the plight of the country before the American people. The activities of the newsmen while in SEOUL were followed closely, and their statements were given wide coverage. The CHOSUN ILBO (Korean Daily News-PM) contained a typical editorial entitled "Welcome to the Visiting 3 SECRET DECLASSIFIED Authority NND 74507B SECRET XXIV CORPS G2 WS 75 Newspapermen", "We know that you have fought with words against injustice during the war when others were at the front, losing their own lives and consuming a great deal of resources. We believe that you will be active in the future for the sake of eternal world peace which is still in the process of realization. We are convinced that you will observe the Korean situation not from passionate, ironic, or contemptible points of view but from a scientific viewpoint. ....you will realize that KOREA is a desolate country. It is the only nation in the world which, although untouched by war itself, has been severely damaged by it. We hope that you will not overlook the difficulties in reconstruction or the fact that the future is hopeless. ....We welcome you with heartfelt expectations." 3. The School Strikes The school strikes again this period held an important place in the press. The strikes had progressed considerably (see par 4b for information on the growth of these strikes) and various political parties and individuals had comments on the subject. The climax of the school strike question, during the period, came with the announcement that a mimeographed copy of a letter had been confiscated at the headquarters of the South KOREA Labor Party. This letter, purportedly coming from North KOREA and written by a Russian Major, directed that strikes within the schools be held just prior to the opening of the Four Ministers Conference in MOSCOW on 10 March. The original of this letter not having been found, and its authenticity being doubtful, little value can be given to its acquisition at this time. There is little doubt that the next period will see considerable comment in the press as to its authenticity. This will, undoubtedly, consist of denials by the Left Wing and strong accusals by the Right. b. The People (1) General HODGE departs for AMERICA On 14 February 47, Lieut. General John R. HODGE, Commanding General, USAFIK, departed from KIMPO Airport for the UNITED STATES. The General will proceed via TOKYO to WASHINGTON where he is expected to confer with State and War Department officials concerning problems surrounding the Korean occupation. (2) Newspaper Executives Visit South KOREA Nine editors and publishers, representative of a cross-section of the American press, arrived at KIMPO Airport in the afternoon of 11 February for a three day visit to SEOUL and the vicinity. In the short time allotted, an efficient study was made of the Korean political, economic and social problems in the American occupation zone, together with living conditions, and recreational facilities of US troops. The tour, accompanied by two War Department escort officers and five civilian journalists assigned to GHQ, consisted of the following newspaper executives: Carroll BINDER MINNEAPOLIS Tribune Sevellen BROWN PROVIDENCE Journal Erwin CANHAM Christian Science Monitor Wayne COY WASHINGTON Post E. Z. DIMITMAN CHICAGO Sun Ralph J. DONALDSON CLEVELAND Plain Dealer Foy HOWARD SCRIPPS-HOWARD Newspapers Robert W. REED KANSAS City Star Thor SMITH SAN FRANCISCO Cali-Bulletin 12 Feb- Orientation by Generals HODGE and BROWN was followed by the individual interviews of leading Korean politicians at DUK SOO palace (see par 6, below). In the evening, the visitors were the guests of the Korean Publishers and Editors Association at the Bright Moon Hall. The editor of the CHOSUN ILBO (Korean Daily News-RW) gave the welcoming address to which Mr. BINDER responded. He advised the Koreans to choose (instead of Russian Communism) the course of peace and happiness as exemplified in American democracy SECRET 4 SECRET XXIV CORPS G2 WS 75 13 Feb -- Outpost W 18 on the 38th parallel and the communities of POCHON and SONGJU RI (village) were visited by Messrs SMITH and DIMITTMAN accompanied by the TOKYO Far Eastern manager of the Associated Press, the International News representative at Hq., XXIV Corps and G-2, Seventh Division. The journalists discussed living problems and reaction to MG with the Korean villagers; they expressed themselves as highly pleased with the living conditions of American troops near the parallel, and appreciative of the opportunity to observe the "iron curtain and its effect on the people." Rural and urban life near SEOUL were studied by Messrs BROWN, BINDER and CANHAM, accompanied by a War Department escort officer, in a visit to a typical Korean farm, a village and a city home. Those who remained in SEOUL met leading Korean women in a round-table discussion at the Capitol, attended the Korean press conference and were guests at a special session of the Interim Legislative Assembly. At the latter meeting, they heard SHIN, In Hi express the Rightist views on trusteeship, and the Leftist, SQN. Ki Awn, attribute South KOREA's governmental ills to the retention of pro-Japanese in official positions. In the open forum that followed the trusteeship issue held the spotlight. Economic and social problems and progress were discussed by Messrs DONALDSON and FRED in conference with Korean officials and American advisors. Facts and figures were gathered pertaining to the results of past, present and future activities in connection with the rehabilitation of KOREA. Mr. Roy HOWARD talked privately with Mrs. RHEE, Syng Man. The Representative Democratic Council were hosts at dinner at the CHANG DUK palace attended by the American journalists as honored guests and approximately 200 Korean politico and business men. KIM, Koo spoke unimpressively on the trusteeship issue. Mr. HOWARD, speaking extemporaneously, admonished the Koreans to be patient, that the UNITED STATES has a definite stake in the Korean problem and will work on it from the viewpoint of world peace and security. It was on this occasion that Dr. CHOUGH, Pyung Ok, Director of National Police, passed to a United Press Representative a controversial letter purported to have been written by a major of the Soviet Army, ordering the school strikes in South KOREA. (see below). 14 Feb -- At 1010 hours the party took off for NANKING where they are to be guests of CHIANG, Kai Shek and the Chinese Nationalist government. COMMENT: The visitors expressed their appreciation of the complete freedom they were allowed in the conduct of their investigations. They were especially impressed by the lack of hesitancy on the part of Korean officials to express themselves. Individual members of the tour who were believed to be pro-RHEE on arrival and critical of the occupation policy, are reported to have reversed their attitudes upon becoming acquainted with the problems and achievements surrounding the Korean occupation. The journalists departed with a broader viewpoint which will probably be reflected in their future news reports and editorial comment concerning Korean problems. c(3) Indications of Disturbances on 01 March With the approach of the commemoration of Sam Il Day, and the expected demonstrations of Right and Left Wing political groups, reports reaching this office indicate that precautions should be taken against the occurence of possible violence on 01 March. If riots occur---other than a result of unexpected street collisions or sporadic attempts to disrupt opposite-party meetings ---it is expected that they will be Rightist inspired. The Right has experienced a resurgence of patriotic fervor over the trusteeship issue and may resort to an extreme course in bringing the focus of international attention upon the Korean problem. Per contra, the Left, never loath to blame the other fellow, may seize the opportunity to commit terroristic acts which, they hope, will be reflected on the Rightists. 5 SECRET DECLASSIFIED Authority NND 74[illegible] SECRET XXIV CORPS G2 WS 75 A minimum of nineteen items received 01 January, with evaluations sufficiently high to merit consideration, charge the Left with preparation for 01 March demonstrations. On the same basis, there are eighteen charges against the Right. These latter are augmented by a well founded belief that a word from the power-hungry and not-too-smart KIM, Koo might be the signal for demonstrations over KOREA that could easily lead to violence and blood shed; KIM may even try a coup d'etat. Typical of reports at hand on Leftist activities are: 12 Feb "...disturbances will be instigated (in TAEGU¹) and carried out by the Leftists. They indicate that they will avenge themselves against the police and government officials, but their real mission will be against Rightists and capitalists." (B-3) 07 Feb "KIM, Ki Chawn (a chairman of the Democratic People's Front) left for North KOREA two weeks ago and is expected to return by boat about 13 Feb. It is presumed that he has gone for instructions relative to 01 March activities." (C-3) 03 Feb "LFE, Tai Fang (North Korean -KIM, Doo Bong man) is leading two hundred men to carry out mass murder beginning with KIM, Koo and other personnel in Southern KOREA. Action will start about 01 March." (B-2) 24 Jan "Left Wing organizations plotting to hold a systematic riot on a great scale this March." (B-3) Typical of reports at hand on Rightist activities are: 07 Feb "All demonstrations are contingent on the "go ahead" signal from KIM, Koo." (C-3) 22 Jan "KIM, Koo stated that current demonstrations are in the nature of a warm up for real ones on Sam Il Day." (7-2) 15 Jan "LYUH, Woon Hyung stated that Right Wing anti-trusteeship demonstrations backed by KIM, Koo are set for 01 March and the period around Sam Il Day". (B-3) Not dated "KIM, Koo is going to try to seize the government on March first".LYUH, Woon Hyung (B-3) COMMENT: Considering the vertical development of the intelligence trend toward possible disturbances on 01 March, and the volatile nature of Korean psychology, precautionary measures against violence are believed to be in order. (4) School Strikes in South KOREA During the period, strikes against the educational system of South KOREA grew steadily worse. However, the provinces were only slightly affected, with SEOUL the center of agitation. At the college level, education was considered to be near a standstill with all colleges of SEOUL National University on strike. Of the private colleges, only the College of Pharmacy could be considered in this category. Approximately twenty-five percent of the middle schools of SEOUL were seriously affected by the vigorous efforts of Leftist agitators, while the remainder enjoyed almost normal attendance. 1 TAEGU-(1150-143C)(35°52'N-128°-36'E) 6 SECRET DECLASSIFIED Authority NND 74508 SECRET XYIV CCI PS G-2 WS 75 Student meetings in SEOUL, unauthorized but peaceful, resulted in the arrest of known agitators. Police announced that disorders will not be countenanced, that students found interfering with the attendance of others will be arrested and punished. Copies of a letter, purportedly written by a Maj. KURINOFF, "Chief Officer of Education, Headquarters of the North KOREA Red Army," have been publicized (without authentication) in SEOUL, JAPAN and AMERICA, attributing the South KOREA school strikes, as a part of a general revolution, to Soviet direction. Dated 22 January 47 and addressed to HU, Hun, chairman of the South KOREA Labor Party, the letter is quoted wherein it alludes to the school strikes: "According to the following plan, the schools of South KOREA must have wider organization and start the bolshevik fighting... For the first step, they must begin with legal methods of striking..." As the period closed, university and middle school students were beginning to return to the classrooms. This is considered to be heartening, but not an indication of an immediate solution of the school problem. (See W/S # 74). COMMENT: MG does not plan at this time to take drastic action to solve this perplexing educational problem. Instead, it is possible that another date will be set for the official reopening of school, perhaps with the thought in mind of affording reluctant and undecided students an opportunity to return without loss of face. Untiring efforts are being made to find the original of the Russian letter refered to above. Intensive investigation indicates that it might well be a Rightist "plant" and until substantial evidence is uncovered to authenticate it, the evaluation of its source and contents must be considered as almost nil. HU, Hun, the addressee, denies having received it, describes it as a "childish plot". But HU, Hun's veracity is as questionable as the content of the alleged letter. 5. SUMMARY OF INTELLIGENCE IN ADJACENT AREAS a. Estimate of the Situation in North KOREA (1) Political - Russian political agencies are believed to have stablized government along Communist lines and the Interim People's Committee, led by KIM, Il Sung, is all powerful. Political disaffectionists are considered as traitors; their property is confiscated, they are subjected to imprisonment, denied grain rations, and their citizenship is forfeited. The present government is considered by some to be in a position to expand southward to dominate South KOREA. (2) Economic - Major industry is nationalized, and distribution of production is controlled by the Interim People's Committee. Russian advisors, assisted by Japanese technicians, aid in technical development. Industry suffers from general economic disorganization and confusion, elimination of many sources of supply, lack of skilled technicians, Russian removals, lack of maintenance, shortage of critical items, and breakdown of transportation. Critical food shortage causes unrest. COMMENT: There is every appearance that the Russians are turning over all administration to Koreans but military control remains strong in the background. b. Extracts from Liaison Officer's Report (1) Rice Riots - In a report dated 12 February 47, the American Liaison Officer detailed to the 25th Soviet Army at PYONGYANG1, states that at OKKANG DONG2, on the YALU river, a large group of middle school students 1 PYONGYANG (880-1820)(39°01'N-125°-44'E) 2 OKKANG DONG (780-1980) (40°20'N-124°-44'E) 7 SECRET SECRET XXIV CO PS G-2 WS 75 demonstrated against the rice collection. They are said to have been joined by several thousand Koreans. A group of Russian soldiers reportedly opened fire on the demonstrators allegedly killing some 800 and wounding approximately 900 others. The date of the incident is reported as 02 February. In CHUNGHWA1, a small town near PYONGYANG, a small group of policemen were engaged in rice collection promising the farmers fertilizer in return for their grain. The people demanded that the fertilizer be produced. An argument followed, and it is said that several hundred Koreans drove the policemen away using sticks and clubs. The exact date of this incident is not known, but it is considered to be recent. (See Par 5 W/S # 73) COMMENT: The estimated number of dead and injured in the OKKANG DONG incident is based upon an informant's report and is believed to be highly exaggerated. Regarding the grain collection: previous reports indicate that the North Korean government is offering shoes, soap and fertilizer (or cash) in exchange for rice as a stimulus to the collection program. The commodity inducements are believed to have failed. At the time of the collection, farmers were given receipts for their grain and, according to reports at hand, they have not as yet received the promised commodities or the cash. 6. COMMENTS ON THE POLITICAL SITUATION a. Summary - Opening a period of few important events of outward political import was the announcement of AN, Chai Hong's inauguration as Korean Civil Administrator. Political views aired before the visiting American journalists are discussed. The Legislature was inactive except for a special session held for the editors and publishers; however, the names of five newly appointive members were made public. Discussion of the anti-trusteeship movement and miscellaneous news briefs close the paragraph. b. AN, Chai Hong Inaugurated as Civil Administrator AN, Chai Hong took office as Korean Civil Administrator in an impressive inaugural ceremony held at the capitol building on 191030 Feb. 47. Among American dignitaries present were Generals HODGE, LERCH and HELMICK. Mr. AN, accepting his grave responsibility, stated that the Korean people will prove themselves capable of self-government. His immediate efforts will be directed toward the solution of urgent living problems through the reconstruction of Korean industry and economics, rehabilitation of the educational system, and the enforcement of official discipline. (See par 6c, W/S #74). c. American Journalists Interview Korean Political Leaders American editors and publishers on tour held an informal interview with representative South Korean political leaders at DUK SOO palace on 12 February 47 (see par 4b). Their remarks are noted below; observations are those of an American political analyst, who was present: AN, Chai Hong (Civil Administrator, moderate Rightist): "The matter of granting a permanent guarantee of Korean independence should rest with the United Nations. The American and Russian withdrawal should be simultaneous". AN made little impression on the journalists; he was nervous and hesitant. KIM, Kyu Sik (Chairman, Interim Legislative Assembly, moderate Rightist): "The UNITED STATES and SOVIET RUSSIA are lacking in candor. The Korean people dislike trusteeship insofar as it means anything beyond aid and assistance. If trusteeship means aid and assistance, why not use that term? The UNITED STATES is morally obligated to remain in KOREA until her independence is assured". Dr. KIM, speaking in flawless English, made a better impression on his audience. 1 CHUNGHWA (886-1800)(38°52'N-125°48'E) DECLASSIFIED 8 SECRET Authority NND 74507[illegible] SECRET XYIV CORPS G-2 WS 75 LYUH Woon Hyung (A chairman of the Democratic People's Front, Leftist): "I believe in Marxist economics and a socialistic KOREA. I advocate free land for the peasantry with compensation for the land owner at the expense of the State; the discrepancy should be made up by taxation. Politically, I draw the line at the Communist Party; I am against totalitarianism and dictatorship. Koreans are aware of the fact that they need the continued presence of the American Army." LYUH made a superior impression on the Americans. Said Roy HOWARD: "This is the only completely candid Oriental I have ever met." Various methods were employed to inveigle HU, Hun, Chairman of the South KOREA Labor Party, to the interview. Vacillating between accepting and rejecting the invitation, he finally declined with: "The US newsmen would misquote me. It's a plot. Tell them I'm sick." Regardless of his physical health, he is known to have been at four other places on that date. Others interviewed include KIM, Seung Soo, Chairman, Hankook Democratic Party, who reiterated his opposition to trusteeship; CHO, So Ang, Korean Independence Party, disgusted his audience with unimpressive oratorical efforts; HA, Kyawng Dawk, publisher of SEOUL SHIN MUN and a moderate Leftist, reaffirmed his support of Dr. KIM, Kyu Sik. d. Appointments to Assembly Vacancies Announced The membership of the Interim Legislative Assembly was increased to eighty-five (ninety are authorized) on 14 February 47 when it was announced that General HODGE had appointed the following prominent Koreans to fill existing vacancies: PAK, Yong Hi Hankook Democratic Partyman, pastor (Presbyterian), former Japanese prisoner. KIM, Sand Dawk Korean Independence Party, Sec'y General of GHQ for National Unification. LEE, Kap Soo A doctor of medicine, non-partisan. KIM, Ik Dong Industrialist, non-partisan. LEE, Kwan Koo People's Party, spent twenty years in a Japanese prison, well known journalist, Editor, SEOUL SHIN MUN (LU), moderate Leftist. The newly appointed legislators will replace LYUH, Woon Hyung, CHANG, Kun Sang; CHO, Wan Ku, UFM; Hang Sup and HONG, Mjeng Hui, all of whom were recalcitrant appointees who refused to take their seats. COMMENT: For all practical purposes, there are considered to be four elective vacancies in the Assembly in that YOON, Hong Yul, KYONGSANG PUKTО, is stricken with an incurable illness which has precluded his ever attending a session. YOON is expected to resign soon. One appointive vacancy remains: that created by AN, Chai Hong's recent resignation to take the post of Korean Civil Administrator. e. Anti-trusteeship Movement Activities surrounding the visitation of American journalists monopolized the time of political leaders in this group. The ubiquitous KIM, Koo appeared at every important gathering except social functions for Americans only. However, on 141300 February 47, the Anti-trusteeship Committee held a meeting in SEOUL at which the following resolutions were passed: DECLASSIFIED Authority NND 745078 9 SECRET SECRET XXIV CORPS G-2 WS 75 (1) Whatever character trusteeship assumes and however short it may be in duration, we will oppose it to the death. (2) We are determined to oppose to the death the establishment of the puppet provisional government which will be organized to discuss trusteeship. (3) We are determined to fight to the death until trusteeship is cancelled and complete independence is obtained. COMMENT: The anti-trusteeship movement continues at a slow pace as far as concrete advancement is concerned. KIM, Koo continues to work toward the unification of the National Society for the Acceleration of Korean Independence and GHQ for National Unification under the leadership of the Emergency National Assembly. Considered most important at this time are possible demonstrations sparked by KIM, Koo and rabid anti-trusteeship followers. (see par 4b) f. Miscellaneous Briefs (1) On 12 February 47, the Federation of All Korean Cultural Organizations was formed through the merger of the following Rightist cultural groups: All Korean Literary Men's Association All Korean Young Literary Men's Association Association for Studying Dramatic Art At the formative meeting, KIM, Koo, CHO, So Ang, KIM, Seung Soo and others, made congratulatory speeches. It was decided to send a message protesting trusteeship to the coming MOSCOW Conference scheduled to convene on 10 March. (2) The Emergency National Assembly met on 14 February 47 and elected new officers: CHO, So Ang, chairman; LYOO, Kim, vice-chairman. The name of the organization was changed to National Congress. (3) Dr. RHEE has designated the following as envoys to the countries indicated: UNITED KINGDOM "Colonel" Ben LIMB (LIM, Pyung Chick) CHINA CHO, So Ang (CHO confirms it). USSR Unnamed (could be RHEE him- self) UNITED STATES (If RHEE leaves AMERICA, Louise YIM will likely be the envoy to USA) COMMENT: Ben LIMB announced his arrival in LONDON on 10 February; CHO, So Ang is in SEOUL; RHEE is in AMERICA and has indicated a probable trip to CHINA although he admits that arrangements are indefinite. JOHN N. ROBINSON Colonel, GSC AC of S, G-2 Inclosures: 1. Illegal Activities 2. The Coalition Committee, its Enemies and Supporters NOTE: This report is prepared not only for higher headquarters but also for the purpose of disseminating to interested subordinate agencies such intelligence as will be of assistance in performing their missions. Although this is for use of authorized personnel only, it must of necessity be classified as "secret" and the provisions of AF 380-5 will be observed in regard to both the document and contents. If proper facilities are not available for safe-guarding this document, it should be burned upon completion of necessary study and circulation. JG DECLASSIFIED Authority NND 74[illegible] 184 제주4·3사건 추가진상조사자료집 3 HEADQUARTERS XXIV CORPS Office of the G-2 20 February 1947 ILLEGAL ACTIVITIES A summary of civil disturbances, attacks on US troops, cases of illegal bearing of arms, and of unauthorized shipping reported during the period of 9 February to 16 February is given below: KAESONG SEGUL MUKHOJIN-NI KONGJU KWANGJU CHEJU LEGEND CIVIL DISTURBANCES SHOWN THUS . . . ATTACKS ON US TROOPS SHOWN THUS . . . ILLEGAL POSSESSION OF ARMS SHOWN THUS . UNAUTHORIZED SHIPPING SHOWN THUS . . . Incl. #1 to XXIV CORPS G-2 Weekly Summary # 75 DECLASSIFIED Authority NND 7450[illegible] 1 CONFIDENTIAL