3‧22 총파업 / 제주도 총파업

31 March 1947 SUBJECT: Counter Intelligence Corps Semi-Monthly Report No. 2 Period Covered: 16 March 1947 to 31 March 1947 2. Subversive Activity: (1). General Strike, 22 March 1947, and Its Political Background. Following 1 March 1947, rightist terrorism flourished both in Seoul and in the provinces; in several cases right-wing groups attacked leftist headquarters and homes. This was particularly noticible in Seoul, Inch'on, and Yong-dongpo, all in Kyonggi Province. The killing by police of leftists during the 1 March celebrations in Pusan and Cheju Island caused a sudden outburst of leftist propaganda similar to that which accompanied the October 1946 riots. This anti-police propaganda, strengthed by the usual worker demands, was seemingly the basis for the 22 March strikes. It should be considered, however, that many reports and rumors had indicated that the leftists in South Korea would cause a 'General Strike' if the results of the Moscow Conference were considered unsuccessful. Other similar reports and rumors indicated that the laborers in Korea would show the visiting representatives of the International Labor Unions (Scheduled to visit Japan and Korea) that there is an immediate need for labor legislation and general labor improvements in South Korea. This purpose, seemingly thought leftist labor, could be accomplished by a 'General Strike'. (a) CHEJU ISLAND GENERAL STRIKE: Although the events leadin g up to the Cheju Do 'General Strike' could be placed chronologically in a report covering the strikes of South Korea, this warrants separate coverage since that strike may have been a test of the possibilities of a strike throughout South Korea. On the other hand, the Cheju Island strike could have been a feint to distract the police, Military Government, and other authorities. Regardless of the motives, the Cheju strike is a small scale example of what occurred throughout south Korea. As a result of the police firing into crowds of unauthorized demonstrators on 1 Mar 47, leftists agitated against police and authority in general. Messages were sent to the police pardoning them if they would join the Communist Party, and leftist propaganda was distributed profusely --- p398 --- agitating the populace against the police and 'reactionaries8. As a result of agitation by known leftist organizations, the strike was carried out. The police and Military Government authori- ties concentrated on the apprehension of the demonstration leaders of 1 Mar 47, and did not attempt to force the strikers to return to work. Mild agitation by rightists attempted to encourage the 'back-to-work movement'. The strike which started on about 13 Mar 47 and took in trans- portation, factories, add all Military Government and governmental sections except the police and judicial sections, was considered over on 20 Mar 47. On Cheju the 'let them strike' policy could easily be used, because the populace is nearly self-sufficient. (h). h. S/Is and Radiograms, Cheju CIC, dtd 16-21 Mar 47. 31 March 1947 LOCATION OF CIC PERSONNEL AND OFFICES IN KOREA: 1. HEADQUARTERS: #. Taejon District Office: Seoul, Korea Taejon, Korea Covering O - 9 Chungchong-Namdo. / WO - 1 O - 1 EM * 11 EM - 9 District Offices: 3a. Chongju Sub-Office:| Chongju, Korea. 1. Seoul District Office, Covering Chungchong-Pukto. Seoul, Korea Covering WO - 1 Seoul and vicinity. EM - 6 O - 2 WO - 4 4. Chonju District Office: EM - 16 Chonju, Korea Covering Cholla Pukto. 2. Songdo District Office, WO - 1 Headquarters: EM - 4 O -1 2a. Kaesong Sub-Office 4a. Kunsan Sub-Office Covering Northern Kunsan, Korea Kyonggi-do. Covering Kunsan and vicinity WO - 1 5. Inchon District Office: EM - 3 Inchon, Korea. Covering Inchon Port and Kyonggi-do. 2b. Kangnung Sub-Office: EM - 3 Kangnung, Korea O - 1 Covering Kangwon-do. O - 1 6. Kwangju District Office: EM - 3 Kwangju, Korea. Covering Cholla Namdo. 2c. Chunchon Sub-Office: O - 1 Chunchon, Korea WO - 1 Covering Kangwon-do. EM - 6 WO - 1 EM - 3 7. Taegu District Office: Taegu, Korea 2d. Ongjin Sub-Office: Covering Kyongsang Pukto. Ongjin, Korea Cov- WO - 1 ering Ongjin Penis- EM - 5 sula, Hwanghae-do EM - 2 [illegible] --- p399 --- 8. Pusan District Office: Pusan, Korea Covering Kyongsang Namdo. O - 1 EM - 5 WO - 1 9. Cheju-doDistrict Office (temporary) Cheju-do, Korea Covering Cheju-do. WO - 1 EM - 2