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From: 080800/I Apr.48 To : 090800/I Apr.48 Headquarters, USAFIK Seoul, Korea 1000/I 09 April 1948 No. 804 MAPS: KOREA, 1/250,000 Eastern ASIA, 1/1,000,000 1. ARMED FORCES Negative 2. POLITICAL ACTIVITIES a. Director of National Police Speaks on Police Activities During Election In a radio address from SEOUL on 02 April Dr. CHOUGH Pyung Ok, Director of the National Police, outlined the principles of democracy to the people and the police and the duties and necessary attitude of the police in the creation of a free atmosphere for the election. CHOUGH placed the actions of all political parties and youth groups which might become over energetic during the election in the same category with communist activities and stated that all such activity would be suppressed by the police. The police, said CHOUCH, may uphold their own political views only by casting their vote, but must remember that their public duty is to be entirely neutral and make a free election possibly by insuring all regardless of party affiliation, the right to vote without coersion. b. Candidates "Shopping Early" For Votes in KYONGGI-DO Election candidates in INCHON (960-1630) who have money are spending it freely in their pre-election campaign. Many voters are receiving small sums of money in return for their promise to vote for the "right" candidate. (CIC P/R #84. B-2) c. Rightists Organize to Educate People (1) Traveling political teams, organized by the NATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE ACCELERATION OF KOREAN INDEPENDENCE, will tour the villages in the CHUNCHON (1060-1680) area prior to the election. Thirty-one teams, each consisting of three men, have been organized. These teams will spread the gospel according to NSAKI. (CIC P/R #84. B-2) (2) Ten students of the CHONGJU (1040-1530) Middle school met on 30 March and formed a student's association to explain the general election and its importance and to make their school democratic. (CIC P/R #84. B-2) d. Youth Group Reorganized The NATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE ACCELERATION OF KOREAN INDEPENDENCE YOUTH CORPS reportedly will be reorganized. The corps will be organized under military tables of organization. It is hoped that the reorganization may be complete by 12 April. (CIC P/R #84. B-6) 3. CIVIL UNREST a. Recapitulation of Riots on CHEJU-DO During the period 03 April to 08 April police and rightists suffered heavy casualties from communist rioters on CHEJU-DO. (See P/Rs #801 & 803) The 1 [illegible] DECLASSIFIED Authority NND 745070 XXIV CORPS G-2 P/R #804 [illegible] totals casualties and attacks up to 081800 April follows: Killed Wounded Missing Police 4 5 3 Civilian - Rightists 12 16 4 Civilian - Communists 3 Police Box attacks - 10 Attempt to destroy bridge at YUBIKIE (944-1149) Attempt to destroy bridge at HWADO (943-1149) Bridge destroyed at HAK UR RI (938-1147) at 070300 April Police telephone communications severed - 1 Rightist homes burned - 3 Unsuccessful attempts to burn homes - 2 Japanese carbines captured - 1 Ammunition captured - 119 rounds US carbines captured - 6 (CIC P/R #83. Police rpt) b. Improved Method for Police Box Attacks A meeting was held in SEOUL by six SOUTH KOREA LABOR PARTY members on 04 April. The speaker, believed to be from the SKLP Central Committee in SEOUL, discussed the party's election policy and stated that local members must follow their comrades in the south and attack police boxes. A new attack method was outlined - tell the police there is American goods hidden in some house and when the police go into the house attack them and take their arms and ammunition. Then attack the police box while it is understrength. (CIC Flash report. Police report) c. Communists Threaten SEOUL Dong Leaders By a handbill received on 06 April, all dong leaders in SEOUL were warned that if they valued their lives to "repent" and "stop all acts of treason and publicly announce open opposition to the election." (Translation) d. Registration Office Threatened in KYONGSANG-PUKTO On 02 April seven men entered the registration office at NAM SAN DONG, TAEGU (1150-1430) and threatened the registrants and all persons working for or supporting the registration of voters. (CIC P/R #84. B-2) e. Railroad Police Station Attacked in KYONGGI-DO At 082400 April railroad employees attacked the railroad police station at YONGJU, northeast of INCHON (965-1632). Eight arrests were made. (CIC Flash report. Police report) f. Demonstrations in KYONGSANG-PUKTO - (Delayed Report) (1) At 052130 April several hundred people demonstrated against the election near the KA SEN police station in CHILGOK (1140-1450). The crowd was dispersed before an attack could be made. (CIC P/R #84. Police report) (2) At 052100 April a crowd gathered around the home of the block master of SAN DUK DONG, TAEGU (1150-1430), demonstrated against the election and stoned the block master's house. (CIC B/R #84. Police report) (3) At 042200 April 20 communists demonstrated against the election in front of a registration office in TAEGU (1150-1430). The mob cheered for the People's Republic. Three arrests were made. (CIC P/R #84. Police report) g. People and Candidates Intimidated in KYONGSANG-NAMDO - (Delayed Report) (1) On 01 April a quantity of handbills were distributed in the vicinity of Pier #3 in PUSAN (1200-1340). The handbills call for the people not to register as their registration would mean that KOREA would become a DECLASSIFIED Authority NND 745070 2 Confidential G-2 P/R #804 Confidential permanent American colony. RHEE, as usual, was accused of being a traitor of the Korean people. (CIC P/R #84. B-2) (2) On 02 April a possible election candidate in CHINJU (1108-1358) received a letter warning him to not become a candidate if he wanted to live. (CIC P/R #84. B-2) h. Communists Weakened by February Arrests A report from KANGNUNG (1180-1660) states that because of arrests of key personnel after the February riots, the SOUTH KOREA LABOR PARTY has difficulty in maintaining adequate liaison between branch headquarter and the cells. The NORTH KOREA LABOR PARTY, in an effort to assist the SKLP in the forthcoming Third Peoples Riot, will dispatch trained members to South KOREA to assist the SKLP in branch and cell reorganization. (CIC P/R #84. Police report) i. Registration Booth Attacked in SEOUL At approximately 080850 April the TANGA MYUN, SEOUL registration booth was attacked. Six hundred registration cards were stolen, but recovered by the police. Several arrests were made. (Police report) j. Communist Infiltrate Into Constabulary The vice-chairman of the KOREAN DEMOCRATIC PATRIOTIC YOUNG MEN'S ASSOCIATION in TAEGU (1150-1430), who has been hiding from the police for communist activities, has joined the Korean constabulary in TAEGU. Several other members of this party are alleged to have joined the constabulary. (CIC P/R #84. C-4) k. Friction Between Youth Organizations in KYONGSANG-NAMDO Eleven members of the KOREAN NATIONAL YOUTH CORPS were beaten by ten members of the UNITED YOUNG MEN'S PARTY on 31 March in PUSAN (1200-1340). The beating allegedly resulted from the KNY training chief having struck four former members of the KNY who joined the UYMP without first properly resigning from the NATIONAL YOUTH. Later in the day the police discovered about 100 members of the KOREAN NATIONAL YOUTH hiding under a bridge, armed with clubs and spears. They intended to retaliate for the earlier attack by the UNITED YOUNG MEN'S PARTY Members. (CIC P/R #84. C-3) 4. PSYCHOLOGICAL a. Translations of SEOUL Newspapers. (See Incl. #1) 5. SABOTAGE & ESPIONAGE Negative 6. INTELLIGENCE CONCERNING ADJACENT AREAS Negative Watlington AC of S, G-2 DECLASSIFIED Authority NND 715070 1 Inclosure - Translations of SEOUL Newspapers Under the provisions of par 33a (1), AR 380-5, 15 Aug.46, authority is hereby granted for destruction of this document after it has served its purpose, and is of no further value to the receiving agency. This authority is extended to cover destruction of previous issues of this publication in accordance with the foregoing instructions. 3 [illegible signature]