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SECRET GENERAL HEADQUARTERS FAR EAST COMMAND MILITARY INTELLIGENCE SECTION, GENERAL STAFF TABLE OF CONTENTS Selected Items for the Information of Commanders NO. and Staffs of the Far East Command DATE 2321 16 January 1949 INTELLIGENCE HIGHLIGHTS (4) NORTH KOREA No Soviet troops, fighter aircraft, observed in Sinuiju, during period 1-25 Dec 49. PA engages in combined maneuvers. Soviet ambassador arrives Pyongyang. Kangdong Political School name changed. Radio Pyongyang outlines 1949 goals. (5) SOUTH KOREA China recognizes Government of Korean Republic. KIM Hyo Suk appointed Vice Minister of Home Affairs. RHEE reportedly co-operating with Hankook Party. Continuation martial law, Cheju Island, asked. Re-capitulation of incidents, Cheju Island, 1-31 Dec. KOREA Military, Political, Economic, Social Situation, Press Review, Civil Intelligence, Miscellaneous Selected Items for the Information of Commanders and Staffs of the Far East Command No. 2321 MILITARY SITUATION 1. Civil Disturbances: (Refer to Map No. 2) (a) Martial Law: On 4 Jan a Constabulary official on Cheju Island requested that martial law be continued on the island. He pointed out to Constabulary Headquarters that operations would be handicapped both in combating guerrillas and in thwarting suspected supply operations of North Korean vessels should the curfews and movement restrictions of martial law be discontinued. (a) (b) Recapitulation of Incidents: Guerrilla activity on Cheju Island increased during Dec 48, although loyal Constabulary forces inflicted many casualties among the dissidents. The following recapitulation of important incidents from 1-31 Dec does not include incidents on the Korean Mainland (Intell. Summary 2320). (c) Cheju Island (4) 3-6 Dec: Constabulary action resulted in the death of 105 raiders. (d) Cheju Island (4) 14 Dec: Constabularymen, assisted by 3,000 civilians, killed 105 raiders during action near Mosulpo (3), Sogwipo (6), Namwon (7), and Halla Mountain (5). (e) Kanimsa (2) 15 Dec: Eight raiders killed by Constabulary. (f) Cheju Island (4) 18 Dec: Joint operations by Constabularymen, civilians, and police resulted in the death of 130 guerrillas. (g) Sinam (1) 19 Dec: Ten civilians, 10 Constabularymen, one policeman killed when raiders attacked and burned the village. (h) POLITICAL REPORT 2. Recent Developments: (a) China Recognizes Republic: Formal recognition of the Korean Republic by the Republic of China, effective 1 Jan, was announced by HSU Shao-chang, Charge d'Affaires of the Chinese Diplomatic Mission to Korea, in a message to President RHEE Syngman on 4 Jan. HSU also expressed the intention of the Chinese Government to elevate the position of the Diplomatic Representative to that of an Ambassador. (a) (b) Vice Minister Appointed: KIM Hyo Suk, member of the National Assembly from South Kyongsang Province, was appointed Vice Minister of Home Affairs by President RHEE on 4 Jan. A graduate of Waseda University in Japan, KIM, 55 years old, has been associated with the Hankook Democratic Party. (a) (c) Hankooks Increase Power: Representatives of the Hankook Democratic Party (HDP) recently approached President RHEE with the proposition that, if he would appoint men of that party to the positions of Minister of Internal Affairs and Minister of National Defense, the HDP would withdraw its movement to change the Constitution. The Chief Executive, desiring no change in the national Constitution, agreed to their proposition and thus appointed KIM Hyo Suk, member of the party's Central Executive Committee, to the position of Vice Minister of Home Affairs. President RHEE has tried to persuade Prime Minister LEE Bum Suk to resign as Minister of National Defense, but has met with no success. LEE, realizing that the Hankooks will hold a balance of power in the Government if they gain these two important positions, has refused to resign but has stated that he would resign as Prime Minister if it becomes necessary. (B-3) (b) Source Comment: The Hankook Democratic Party has shown a strong interest in pushing the reorganization of the Cabinet. If the Hankooks can gain the support of RHEE, the removal of LEE from the position of Prime Minister may be accomplished. (b)